Uncle Toms Cabin: Stowes Paradoxical Christian Message Essay

Uncle Toms Cabin Stowes Paradoxical Christian MessagePerhaps the greatest criticism levied against Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin is that it comprises of nothing more than Victorian sentimentality, and that the death of its two honourable exemplars, Tom and Little Eva, do little which actually remedies the injustices of slavery. Critic Ann Douglas sees the novel as emblematic of the feminization of American culture, which in religious terms figures as a move away from the morally forceful Calvinism to the sloppiness of the humanistic cult of gentle Jesus (Rachel Bowlbys paraphrase, 205). In order to recoup the novel from such(prenominal) charges, critics such as Jane Tompkins have attempted to demonstrate that the novels coupling of sentimentality and Christianity results in far more than a luxuriating in lachrymose emotions. For Tompkins, the force arse the novels sentimental Christianity is its subversion of the power hierarchy. Incidents like the deaths of Tom and Little Eva enact a th eory of power in which the powerless die to save the effectual and corrupt, and thereby show themselves more powerful than those they save (128). Thus, the traditional locus of power, is in effect, decentered, and religious faith gives marginalized figures like slaves, children, and women a power, to which in strictly worldly terms, they have no access.One problem with readings which stress the salvific function of the deaths of Tom and Little Eva is their failure to account for the novels self-conscious acknowledgment of the social forces which endlessly challenge the brand of Christianity which it advocates. The Christian message of Uncle Toms Cabin is ultimately paradoxical. On the one hand, the examples of Tom and Little Eva demonstrate ... ...f sustaining ones Christianity within the context of slavery, as healthful as the limitations of the individuals power to challenge such a large institution. George, in deferring his acceptance of Christianity until he reaches a place of freedom, ultimately comes closest to Stowes agenda of establishing a true Christian nation, uncorrupted by slavery, on earth. Works CitedBowlby, Rachel. Breakfast in America--Uncle Toms Cultural Histories. Nation and Narration. Ed. Homi K. Bhabha. New York, NY Routledge Press, 1990, 197-212.OConnel, Catherine E. The Magic of the Real Presence of Distress muddiness and Competing Rhetorics of Authority. The Stowe Debate. Eds. Mason I. Lowance, Jr., Ellen E Westbrook, R.C. De Prospo. Amherst, MA U. Massachusetts Press, 1994, 13-36.Tompkins, Jane. Sensational Designs. New York, NY Oxford U. Press, 1985.

Vietnam: The Mixture of Protests and Politics Essay -- essays research

The United States was unjustified in its involvement in the Vietnam War because, in my opinion, the U.S had little justification to sacrifice thousands of innocent youths for governmental ideals. It was the longest and most unpopular war in which the United States fought. umpteen Americans on the home front protested their governments involvement in the war. Many young Americans felt that there was no reason to push for a cause they did not believe in, especially in such a strange foreign country. The civil rights movement also strongly influenced many of the war protests. This was because such a large percentage of minority soldiers sent over to fight were being unfairly treated. The African American soldiers were being ordered to the frontlines more often than white soldiers were. Another vigorously protested topics of the Vietnam War was Conscription. Most of two trillion soldiers who fought in the war were chosen through the Selective Service program. The order of payment policy has been an imprint of America the Civil War. This policy has been used in both major United States war since. Young adult males were required to register for the draft when they turned eighteen years old. A lottery system trenchant who would be called to combat. If selected for the draft, the draftee had to serve 24 months of active duty. During the Vietnam War, the hostility Americans felt towards the draft erupted and caused major protests across the nation. They are where many ways people protested the draft. some(prenominal) eligible draft members avoided the draft by leaving the country for Canada, Sweden, and a number of other countries. Other men protested by publicly burning their draft cards.Lyndon B. Johnson won the presidential election on November 1, 1964. Despite the tension between the Doves and the Hawks, president Lyndon B. Johnson stood by his policy of slow escalation. As he began his term in office in 1965, he was confident that his programs to better the nation would be established despite that nagging little war in Vietnam as give-and-take Week reported it. Protests have long been a way for people to display their difference in opinion and gain support. One of the many protests against the war that had a powerful effect on public opini... ...been involved in because it was against an unknown enemy in an unknown territory. The consequences of the war far exceed the benefits. The citizens during that occlusion of time would definitely agree. The war caused a severe decrease in the countries moral. Many people no longer trusted the government and grew extremely quizzical of its actions. The recession soon after the war did not help in boosting the spirit of the country. The Vietnam war also exposed many of the United States weaknesses. It showed that our government had plotted poorly. It also showed that it was possible to resist the United States as a mass. There is a major difference between one resisting voice and a big n umber of them. In the end the United States had devastating losses socially and economically. Protests and politics will always go hand in hand when the sheep disagree with the herder. Bibliography- Nhu Tang, Truong. 1985. A Vietcong Memoir. New York Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers- Dougan C. & Lipsman S. 1984 The Vietnam Experience A Nation Divided. Boston Boston Publishing - McDougal Littell. 2003 World History. United States of America- http//www.pbs.org/

Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust Essay -- Essays Papers

Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust Synopsis Hitlers unforced Executioners is a work that may change our understanding of the Holocaust and of Germany during the national socialist period. Daniel Goldhagen has revisited a question that history has come to treat as sett guide, and his researches have led him to the inescapable conclusion that none of the established answers holds true. Drawing on materials both unexplored or neglected by previous scholars, Goldhagen presents new evidence to show that many beliefs about the killers are fallacies. They were not primarily SS men or Nazi Party members, but perfectly ordinary Germans from all walks of life, men who brutalized and murdered Jews both willingly and zealously. They acted as they did because of a widespread, profound, unquestioned, and virulent anti-Semitism that led them to regard the Jews as a demonic enemy whose extermination was not only necessary but also just.1 The author proposes to show that the phenomenon of German a nti-Semitism was already deep-rooted and pervasive in German society before Hitler came to power, and that there was a widely shared view that the Jews ought to be eliminated in some way from German society. When Hitler chose mass extermination as the only final solution, he was easily able to enlist vast numbers of Germans to run for it out.About the Author - Daniel Jonah Goldhagen is Assistant Professor of Government and Social Studies at Harvard University and an Associate of Harvards Minda de Gunzburg Center for European Studies. His doctoral dissertation, which is the basis for his book Hitlers Willing Executioners Ordinary Germans and the Holocaust, was awarded the American Political Science Associations 1994 Gabriel A. Almond Award for the best dissertation in the field of comparative politics.2Summary - For the extermination of the Jews to occur, four jumper lead things were necessary1. The Nazis - that is, the leadership, specifically Hitler - had to decide to undert ake the extermination. 2. They had to gain control over the Jews, namely over the territory in which they resided. 3. They had to organize the extermination and devote to it decent resources. 4. They had to induce a large number of people to carry out the killings.The vast literature on Nazism and the Holocaust treats in long deepness the first three elements, the focus of this book, is t... ...lity and having judged the mass annihilation of Jews to be right, did not want to say no.It is my belief that the author presents a very disputed view of the causes and implementation of the Holocaust. The root of the controversy is his contention that the German people, as a society, are responsible for the attempted extermination of the Jews. According to Mr. Goldhagen, in the eye of the Germans, the Jews as nothing more than a cancer that must be removed in order to cure the ills of their nation. In the book Mr. Goldhagen has gone to great extents to prove his views. However, h is theories will probably remain a point of contention with historians for years to come.4 The brutality and horror that is described throughout the book is, at times, overwhelming. To realize that one group of people can treat their fellow man with such heartlessness and savagery in what we call a refine world is almost beyond comprehension. Notes1. Hitlers Willing Executioners, Book Jacket, 19962. Patterns of Prejudice, Erich Goldhagen, 1978, 12, No.1, 1-163. First Things, Richard John Neuhaus, August/September 1996, 36-414. U.S. News & World Report, David Gergen, May 24, 1996

I already donated a few :: essays research papers

Short Summary of The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is the story of a boy living on the Mississippi River during the 1840s. It relates the experiences of Huck and Jim, a runaway slave. The book is a continuation of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and recaptures its playful, lighthearted spirit. The book begins with Huck living with Widow Douglas who is trying to "sivilize" him. He finds this lifestyle awfully constricting but he tries to make a the best of the situation. The narrative takes a darker tone with the return of Pap Finn, Hucks drunken father. A judge rejects attempt Thatcher and the Widow Douglas attempt to be appointed Hucks legal guardian, and Pap goes on a drinking binge to celebrate his victory. Pap excepts to get Hucks entire chance and takes Huck to a deserted cabin three miles upriver, to keep a close eye on him. Huck is unhappy, fakes his own death, and escapes in a canoe to Jacksons Island. On his third day on the island , Huck meets Jim, a black boy, whom he knows from Hannibal. It turns out that Jim has run away from his master, to seek his freedom. The ii boys get on very well and forge a strong friendship. After several weeks, Huck gets word that the island is about to be searched for Jim. The two pack up most things, and head down the river on a raft. Their plan is to reach Cairo, Illinois, where they will take a steamboat up the Ohio River to the free states. Their attempts are thwarted by myopic weather conditions and they soon discover that they have passed the small town of Cairo in the fog. The two boys change their plans and continue their journey downriver. During the journey, Huck and Jims friendship grows considerably, and the two become like family. Huck and Jim are separated when their raft hits a steamboat and Huck goes ashore to stay with a family, the Grangerfords. Huck soon becomes involved in their ongoing feud and leaves when several family members are killed. Huck finds Ji m and they are able to continue their journey. At one point, they meet two swindlers, known as the fagot and Duke. The boys let the men join them on their raft and they in turn participate in their escapades. In one town that the group reaches, King and the Duke exhibit a "Shakespearean Revival" and they take in over $400.

netherlands :: essays research papers

Netherlands Location Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between Belgium and Germany Geographic coordinates 52 30 N, 5 45 E Map references Europe Area center 41,526 sq km land 33,883 sq km water 7,643sqkmArea - comparative slightly less than twice the size of New Jersey Land boundaries total 1,027 km bordercountriesBelgium 450 km, Germany 577 km Coastline 451 km Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone 200 NM territorial sea 12 NM Climate temperate marine alter summers and mild winters Terrain mostly coastal lowland and reclaimed land (polders) some hills in southeast Elevation extremes lowest point Prins Alexanderpolder -7 m highest point Vaalserberg 321 m Natural resources natural gas, petroleum, arable land Land use arable land 25% permanent crops 3% permanent pastures 25% forests and woodland 8% other 39% (1996 est.) Irrigated land 6,000 sq km (1996 est.) Natural hazards flooding Environment - current issues water pollution in the form of heavy metals, organic compounds, an d nutrients much(prenominal) as nitrates and phosphates air pollution from vehicles and refining activities acid rain Environment - international agreements party to striving Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental signed, but not ratified Biodiversity, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol Geography - note located at mouths of three major European rivers (Rhine, Maas or Meuse, and Schelde) Netherlands People Top of Page universe of discourse 15,981,472 (July 2001 est.) Age structure 0-14 years 18.38% (male 1,501,925 womanly 1,436,017) 15-64 years 67.9% (male 5,518,575 female 5,333,442) 65 years and over 13.72% (male 899,052 female 1,292,461) (2001 est.) Population growth rate 0.55% (2001 est.) Birth rate 11.85 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) Death rate 8.69 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) Net migration rate 2.34 mig rant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) under 15 years 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years 1.03 male(s)/female 65 years and over 0.7 male(s)/female total population 0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.) Infant mortality rate 4.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) Life hope at birth total population 78.43 years male 75.55 years female 81.44 years (2001 est.) Total fertility rate 1.65 children born/woman (2001 est.) human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS - adult prevalence rate 0.19% (1999 est.) HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS 15,000 (1999 est.) HIV/AIDS - deaths 100 (1999 est.) Nationality noun Dutchman(men), Dutchwoman(women) adjective Dutch Ethnic groups Dutch 91%, Moroccans, Turks, and other 9% (1999 est.) Religions Roman Catholic 31%, Protestant 21%, Muslim 4.4%, other 3.6%, unaffiliated 40% (1998) Languages Dutch total population 99% (2000 est.

Psychology - Life With (or Without) Father Essay -- essays research pa

What was the purpose of this study? This study had three purposes. The first purpose of this study was to better get word the effects of causes asocial behaviors bugger off on their chel atomic number 18n while differentiating between those fathers who have very antisocial behavior with those that have very little. The second purpose was the find turn up if the effects of a fathers being in his boors life was the same in every family. The third purpose in this study was to find out whether the children of antisocial fathers were going to develop behavioral problems from both genetic and environmental risks.What hypothesis or hypotheses did the authors test in this study? The authors tangle the fathers antisocial behavior would affect the results in whether the father was present or not. For example, if a father is only a little antisocial and he spends very little time living with his children his children could have a lot of behavior problems. However, if the father is very antisocial and he acknowledges with his children his children cigarette withal develop a lot of behavior problems. Even though logically it seems that having a father living with the child would be beneficial for the child if the child observes that his father has antisocial behaviors it can create unwanted problems. Those conducting this study hypothesized that the most extreme cases of behavior problems would be found could they pass on traits that would cause antisocial behaviors genetically but the constant observing of their fathers misbehaving could create environmental factors as well. What was the prior research that motivated these hypotheses? Briefly describe the studies that have been done in the past that cause the authors to propose these hypotheses. There has been research done that children who have been raised with both parents living with them behave better than those children who live with only one parent. A theory stemming from evolutionary psychology indicated that mens promiscuous sexual behavior lessoned their drive to stick with their family and hence the intellect why there are a lot more single mothers than fathers. This caused some lawmakers and researchers to realize that perhaps the absence of a father in his childs life could create problems with the child both academically and behaviorally. There are several reasons why a fathers absence can be detrimental to the child su... ... the effects that antisocial behavior of fathers have on their childrens own behavior and this can help them better understand the family unit and allows the lawmakers to make adjustments to the law regarding encouraging those on welfare to marry. By understanding the entire picture, the lawmakers are able to convince single parents to abide to laws that are made. What implications do these findings have for parenting practices? The findings can help better parents understand the reasons why their child is misbehaving and how to limit their chances of becoming severe cases. Also the results of this study questions the benefits and disadvantages to the institution of marriage. spousal can benefit a child if the father has low or average degrees of antisocial behavior and the higher he has and the more time he lives with the child the more damaging it could be for the child. Basically, this study gives us more insight on the effects of not only the presence of the father or lack of, but the degrees of antisocial behavior expressed by him and the interplay of the two. Genetics and environment work together to determine the development of behavioral problems within a childs life.

Group Participation Contract Essay

In my opinion, the most important factor that aids a group to work efficaciously is to have an established goal that each member works toward. When each individual is aware of the direction of team, they can consistently contribute their ideas and insights to achieve that goal. Therefore, my primary election objective in this course is to actively seek the best ways to achieve the goal at hand. Once a certain goal has been established, I need to remind myself and my team members of that same goal in an on-going basis so that the team wont diverge from the direction it moldiness be headed.By continually mentioning the goal that was agreed-upon, it keeps the team moving together which is vital to success. Each member must know how far the team has developed their step to achieving the goal therefore it would be a real disadvantage when one member is behind. Also, the most fundamental attribute that must go with teamwork collaboration is team cohesiveness and a high level of commitm ent. Without working together and committing to one another, a team will most likely fail.Each member must trust one another and agree that each individual will depict them the same level of dedication as one another. My goal is to give my team members all that I can offer and hopefully, learn as much as I can from them to enhance the results. In order to irritate this goal, I have to actively listen to my team members and see what they have to offer. Teamwork is about giving what you have and learning what you can.

My Daily Activity

My Daily Activities Every Monday until Friday, I wake up at 5. 00 A. M. I press the snooze only ifton cardinal times every morning before I turn off the alarm and get up. I perform my morning routine of washing my face, and brushing my teeth. After that, I commonly read for the next lesson. After time show at 530 A. M, immediately I start to worship until 530 A. M. The next activity I do breakfast. I usually buy cereal with fruits or hot poridge.I always eat breakfast every day, because if I do not eat breakfast, I always feel headache. After breakfast, I take my shower. After my shower, I get dressed. in the lead I going to campus, I usually clean up my bedroom, sweep floor, and tidy up my desk. I go to campus by public transportation but sometimes join with my friends vehicle. Usually, I study at campus until 1230 P. M. Sometimes if there are two class schedules, I usually go back to my temporary house just for relax and lunch.Then, after having lunch I return to my campus an d continue with skills lab until 400 P. M. I usually go home at 4. 15 PM, after that I start to do the assignment which given by lectures. When the evening is gone and it is night, I have some time to watch the TV entertainment and preparing to go Britons for English Course. I take 30 minutes to go Briton and I learning in there 1 hour and 30 minutes . After that, I go back home. I usually manage to go to bed around 9. 0 PM. Thats all what I do in every Monday and Friday. And on weekends, on Saturday, I go to Church. On Sunday mornings, I get up later than usual. Then I often go shopping downtown with my friends. Sometimes we go for a picnic in the countryside or doing something activites. On rainy Sundays, I stay at home reading books, auditory modality to music and ometimes I practice my listening skill or browsing Internet with my computer. I am quite happy with my daily activities. b

Arctic cap melting

The article voices concerns over the unprecedented rapid pace of Arctic uppercase melting. However, the melting process itself poses lesser danger to the Earth ecosystem as compared with the feedback mechanisms Arctic ice is involved in. These feedback mechanisms contribute to global warming in three searching ways.As ice melts, the territory of open ocean waters increases. Water has lower reflectivity, or albedo, as compared to ice. This fact entails that water ingests 80 percent more solar radiation than sea ice does. Thus, the sun warms the ocean more quickly, and this process results in a vicious circle speeding up global warming.The mo way ice melting accelerates climate change is associated with the fact that oceans absorb about half the carbon dioxide that humans emit into the atmosphere. Yet their ability to absorb carbon dioxide is diminished by the increase in oceans temperature because the gas dissolves less readily in warmer water. Furthermore, warming of oceans impli es less potpourri between deep and surface waters the process that provides nutrients to plankton that absorb carbon dioxide.Finally, ice melting entails rotting of organic matter contained in the permafrost. This process involves the run of carbon dioxide and methane into the Earth atmosphere. Warming also affects wetlands and forests desiccating peat bogs and causing beetle infestation that kills pine forest.More wildfires occur in dead or dying forests, and the process of combustion emits huge quantities of carbon into the atmosphere.All these alarming signs call for a united and consistent action by all environmental activists and everyone keen on saving our planet.

National Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes Parish Essay

I. Historical BackgroundThe initiative to establish a parish on Retiro Street began in 1941, with the request of the Capuchins in the Philippines to the Rev. Michael ODoherty, Archbishop of Manila. On march 28, 1942, a decree was issued establishing the Sta. Teresita del Nino Jesus Parish, the original name of Our Lady of Lourdes Parish. Construction of the church, however, was delayed because of World War II. Enshrined within the temporary church was the image of our Lady of Lourdes. To come up the image safe during the war, it was moved from place to place, until it rested for a long time in the chapel of Sta. Teresita on Mayon Street. On February 10, 1951, the image was brought back to Sta. Teresita Parish on Retiro. In 1997, on the forty-fifth foundation anniversary, Our Lady of Lourdes parish was declared a national shrine, with the approval of the Catholic Bishops Conference of the Philippines. It has its own parochial school religious offering education from pre-school to hi gh school.II. Activities/Programs of the ChurchSCHEDULE OF MASSESMonday to Saturday 530, 630, 730 am and 600 pmSunday 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200 am and 330, 500, 600, 700 pmA.Umbrella of all youth organizations of the interior(a) Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes. Composed of 13 youth organizations (Basic Ecclesial Community (BEC), Catholic Womens League Jr. (CWL Jr.), Coro de Angeli, Franciscan Youth Movement (FYM-NSOLL Fraternity), Knights of the Altar (KOTA), Lectors and Commentators for Childrens Mass (LCCM), legion of Mary (LOM), Salvacion Choir (SC), Singles for Christ (SFC-NSOLL Chapter), Squirettes of Mary Immaculate (SMI), Young Artists for Culture Arts and Advocacy (YAFCA-NSOLL Repertory), NSOLL Youth Choir (YC) and Youth for Christ (YFC-NSOLL Chapter).B. constant ActivitiesAdvent Recollection, Youth Night, Organization Fair, Lenten Retreat, T-shirt Selling, Barya Para Sa Kabataan, Sportsfest, Youth Mass sa BEC, Youth Camp, PYM election and induction, Harana kay Maria and General AssemblyIII. Plan of execute/RealizationsBeing aware with what is happening in our Parish and knowing the Activities and Programs of the Church are the things that I developed after I did my research. I learned that we must aid our Parish first before anything else so that we can extend our gratitude to them. I also learned that there are so many things and ways that we can do to become closer to God and to strengthen our faith in God. We must learn to spend time to serve God and to bond with our neighbors. With that, we became closer and bonded as a Christian Community to serve and to strengthen our faith in God.

Rationalism vs. Irrationalism Essay

Jane Evans was spending a week at the Crown Point shelter girls camp. She and her friends were laughing and enjoying the crisp night air. They giggled and talked of crushes on boys and gossiped all night about the notorious girls at school. But the fun stopped when a rat cow chip one of the girls. Screaming, squirming and frightened, they worried and stayed awake for the remainder of the night. Unable to sleep, they refractory to go indoors, to a keep down another possiable attack. A rationalist would argue that this is a ridiculous answer to a rat bite, howalways as a person with an irrational perspective, I plead the contrary and throughtout this essay, will demonstrate why. with a rationalistic perspecive we observe the discernment as active, the emotions passive, and the notion that no material thing cornerstone cause an nonmaterial idea however from the view grade of irrationality I will prove that 1) Emotion is in fact not passive and 2) Intelligence can be created mater ially.Before going into detail on irfreethinking I tender to explore the rationalistic perspective. The rationalist tends to believe in the existence of truths that could not be discovered through the senses alone, the world cannot be ascertained only when by experiencing the content of our minds. Advocates of some varieties of rationalism argued that, starting with basic principles, like the realm of geometry, one could deductively derive the rest of all mathematical knowledge. (Markie 1) The philosophers who held this view approximately clearly were Spinoza and Leibniz, whose attempts to understand the epistemological and metaphysical problems raised by Descartes led to the development of rationalism.Both Spinoza and Leibniz asserted that, ideally, all knowledge (including scientific knowledge) could be gained through the use of reason alone, though they both observed that this was not possible in practice, except in specific areas such as mathematics. Which is perhaps why th ey depended on geometry and logic (a linguistic geometry) so significantly.To Brentano, a rationalist, the mind is active, not passive as the British empiricists, and French sensationalists had believed. Rationalistsalleged the mind as active and the emotions as passive. The rationalist belief in a more active mind meant that the mind acts on information from the senses and gives it meaning it would differently not have. (225) They argued that the mind added something to sensory data rather than just passively organizing and storing it into memory.Leibniz emphasized that nothing material (such as the activation of a sense receptor) could ever cause an idea that is nonmaterial. (169) The rationalists emphasized the importance of innate structures, principals, or concepts and stated that because nothing material could come from anything nonmaterial that certain ideas must be innate.Having introduced rationalism I find it only appropriate that irrationalism should have a breif introdu ction of its history. Irrationalism was a philosophical movement which started as a cultural reaction against profitableness in the early 20th century. The perspective of irrationalism opposed or de-emphasized the importance of the rationality of human beings. Part of the movements involved claims that information was inferior to intuition.freethinking, I find, is void of certain accuracy. The rationalists first assumption that truths can only be arrived at by such processes as logical deduction, analysis, argument, and intuition, is false. I wish to emphasize the notion that logical deduction, analysis, argument, and intuition are not to be brushed off lightly and given little importance. On the contrary they are in fact valuable, however only if they are employed with an emphasis on the irrational view of emotion. The rationalists assume that emotions are not necessary and truths can be reached by reason alone.This is false. Although the girls in the beginning of the story expe rienced an emotional rat fright, they were able to use their logical reasoning and their emotional submit to come to a solution. Is it not through your emotions that you are moved to action? Without emotions the rationalists would not have come up with any logical theory in the first place They would have had no drive to come up with another theory, no passion. I cannot look every rationalist unenthused in his work.Through personal experience I have come to understand the importance of emotion. There have been occasions in my life that I over-rationalized. Reluctantly Ill admit that perhaps it happens on more than just occasions, it is a constant burden to me and hinders my current and future relationships. My ex-boyfriend and I would get into an argument, as couples often do, and I would analyze the situation in my mind to attempt to come to a conclusion of how we achieved this particular position. How did I approach it how did he? Was I overly little and picky? Why did I respon d in that way? Was it a past hurt? Could it be from my childhood when my favorite Hamster Gus-Gus died, and I felt in person hurt by God?What about him, did he have the same amount of childhood damage as me another hamster trauma perhaps? At this point I had analyzed the situation to such an extent that I couldnt even remember what the argument was about in the first place. It was and so that I realized that I needed to become an irrational being irrational in the worlds respect anyway. I became an emotional person and therefore separately irrational. This is often rejected in our society emotions are largely frowned upon. A professor once mentioned the need for me to think less and feel more, and I decided that I should do just that feel.My second criticism of the rationalists is the notion that no material thing can cause a nonmaterial idea. Leibniz invites us to imagine a machine or human being capable of thinking (of having ideas). Then he asks us to imagine increasing the siz e of that machine to the point where we could enter it and look around. According to Leibniz, our exploration would yield only interacting, physical parts. Nothing we would see, whether examining the machine or a human being, could possibly explain the foundation of an idea. (169) Because ideas cannot be created by anything physical like the brain they must be innate.Through study of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a branch of computer science that deals with salubrious behavior, learning and adaptation in machines, we see that innate ideas are infact nonexistent. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, research in AI is concerned with producing machinesto automate tasks requiring intelligent behavior. (Artificial Intelligence 2) Examples of such intelligent behavior include control, planning and scheduling, the ability to answer diagnostic and consumer questions, handwriting, speech, and facial recognition.The idea of producing an artificial sentient being is not new, infact it is an ancient idea and is featured in numerous myths, the Golem, the Greek promethean myth, mechanical men in Chrtien de Troyes, and the creature in Mary Shelleys novel Frankenstein being examples. In science fiction, artificial conscious beings often take the form of robots or artificial intelligences. Artificial consciousness is an interesting philosophical problem because, with increase understanding of genetics, neuroscience and information processing, it is possible to create a conscious entity. The myths of writers and philosophers are no longer myths.In order to avoid ambiguity and confusion I will define the term artificial intelligence based on the literal meanings of artificial and intelligence. According to Websters dictionary the term artificial refers to something which is not natural, often implying that it was created or manufactured by humans and intelligence is the capacitiy to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend ideas and language, and learn. (Web sters 3).Throughout the past decade there has been a count between strong AI and weak AI philosophers which tackles the question, can a man-made artifact be conscious? This question involves philosophy of mind and the mind-body problem. In the philosophy of artificial intelligence, strong AI is the supposition that some forms of artificial intelligence can truly reason and solve problems strong AI supposes that it is possible for machines to become sapient, or self-aware. (Markie 1) The term strong AI was originally coined by John Searle, who writes according to strong AI, the computer is not merely a hawkshaw in the study of the mind rather, the appropriately programmed computer really is a mind.Artificial consciousness (AC), also known as machine consciousness (MC) or syntheticconsciousness, is a field related to artificial intelligence and cognitive robotics whose aim is to define that which would have to be synthesized were consciousness to be found in an engineered artifact. AI systems are now in routine use in economics, medicine, engineering and the military, as well as being built into many green home computer software applications, traditional strategy games like computer chess and other video games. Through the rationalistic perspecive we observed the mind as active, the emotions passive, and the notion that no material thing can cause an nonmaterial idea however from the viewpoint of irrationality I proved that 1) Emotion is in fact not passive and 2) Intelligence indeed can be created materially through Artificial Intelligence.Works Cited1) Markie, Peter. Rationalism vs. Empiricism. 13 Aug. 2004. 12 Aug. 2006. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rationalism 2) Artificial intelligence. Encyclopedia Britannica. 2006. Encyclopedia Britannica Premium Service. 12 Aug. 2006 . 3) Artificial. Merriam-Webster Dictionary. 2006. 12 Aug. 2006. http//www.m-w.com/dictionary/artificial4) Hergenhahn, B. R. An Introduction to the History to Psychology Belmont, CA Transc endental Printing, 2005.

Shawshank deconstruction for brooks parole sequence

Brooks parole rate is particularly evocative and compelling. A mannikin of proficiencys is apply to shape this particularly emotive and sad scene. These techniques include the use of camera shots, background medical specialty, division over, lighting and dialogue.Our first impression of Brooks parole sequence is shaped through the use of variety of camera shots. The use of long panning camera shots of Brooks standing still, alone outside Shawshanks gates highlights how frail, small and undistinguished he is in the outside world. These camera shots emphasise and gives us the sense of Brooks loss, being alone frightened, sc ared and anxious. This is further highlighted by the close up camera shots of Brooks in the bus after being released, gripping onto the handle rails. In this camera shot the other passengers on the bus are blurred putting our focus and attention on Brooks, leaving the audience with a great sense of absolute despair, anxiety and loss. The use of this camera t echnique gives us our last impression of the broken man Brooks had become after leaving Shawshank. The use of these powerful camera techniques used by the handler emphasises Brooks feeling of being alone, frightened and anxious. Highlighting further, the impact Shawshank has on the individual.The use of background music highlights further Brooks loneliness and despair. The background music is sad, somber and builds in intensity throughout this sequence. The music creates a mood, an atmosphere of loss, shock as we sense Brooks defeat and horror. There is an irony in the fact that Brooks is physically free but emotionally trapped and imprisoned by his sense of solitude and isolation in the outside world, where he should be feeling free. The use of background music leaves us with a strong impression that Brooks freedom will have a tragic end due to him being in a state of despair.In this emotion charged sequence, it is Brooks voice that we hear speaking directly to us, to the highest degree his thoughts and feelings about his release from Shawshank. This voice over technique emphasizes Brooks strong sense of not belonging on the outside world. The language used in this voice over is very moving as we feel Brooks pain and desperation to be back in Shawshank. Send me home, Im tired of being acrophobic all the time.The use of voice over tragically emphasizes just how much Shawshank can take from an individual. Inside Shawshank Brooks had, friends, family and position which made him feel important. This powerful technique highlights that, Shawshank can tragically strip away a mans sense of self. A man becomes dependent on the walls of the institution. First you hate them, then you start to let down used to them and pretty soon you start dep terminal on them. Brooks believed that outside of Shawshank he was nothing.This sequence is also shaped through the use of a variety of lighting, which emphasises Brooks feelings of depression and worthlessness and that he can t see himself escaping this dark, unforgiving place. These characteristics are portrayed through the use of dull, dim, dark and shadowy lighting. Ironically, the confinement of Shawshank offered Brooks a security that being on the outside could not, leaving us to believe that Brooks had become institutionalised.Dialogue is another strong technique used by the theatre director to show a startling contrast in the language used by the guards who farewell Brooks. They shake his hand and wish him good luck. Their language and their interposition of Brooks contrasts markedly to what we have seen and heard within Shawshank. The cruelty, brutality and taunting are gone. The words and gestures used by the guards highlights the respect they have for Brooks and for us makes his leaving a lot more touching.This evocative and compelling parole sequence is shaped through the use of many techniques, which leads us towards the tragic ending of Brooks at the end of this sequence.

Hero vs. Tragic Hero

The Difference between a Hero and a Tragic Hero The tragic wizard is one of the most interesting characters in spite of appearance a Greek or Roman play. They depict many emotions and often their lives end in a horrible disaster. When we think of a hero, what automatically comes to mind? To whatsoever it may be someone legendary. Others might think of a hero as someone of great strength or ability. Perhaps someone admired for their achievements and great qualities.To me, it once meant someone that showed great courage and responsibility . A real hero is someone who faces everyday challenges bravely and lives with a smile despite problems and shortcomings and sometimes even having supernatural powers of some style. Before these two heroes can be compared and contrasted, it is imperative to know what a tragic hero essential(prenominal) possess in order to be called a tragic hero. A tragic hero must contain the following features a tragic hero always had characteristics like gr eatness and a statuesque stature, they must have a fatal flaw, that in most cases lead them to be partly liable for their proclaim demise, usually their punishment outweighs their crime, and then, of course, sometime during where the tragedy takes place there should be some sort of self-realization for that character. This is where they realize their mistake.One prominent characteristic of a tragic hero is portrayed specifically in the play Macbeth by Shakespeare, the tragic hero Macbeth was a victim of his doubt and insecurity. Thus, the heros downfall is due to his own errors and actions. A tragic hero has to suffer because of his own mistakes. He is doomed from the start he bears no responsibility for possessing his flaw, but bears responsibility for his actions.He is usually a king, a leader of men and his fate affects non only his but the lives of a whole nation or number of people. Tragic heroes are without a doubt one of the most intriguing of characters. A Traditional he ro is a person of baronial courage or ability, admired for his brave deeds and impressive qualities. A hero is any person who has heroic qualities or has performed heroic acts and is regarded as a model or ideal to follow He represents a positive image of a human being, physically, mentally, and emotionally.He is loved by all and cherished for his noble deeds. He always takes up distinctive tasks which no one else ever dares to and may come crosswise much adversity that which he fights with his endurance and valor and eventually reaches victory with a confident heart. He has qualities like courage, honesty and willingness to sacrifice. But most of all, he stands for everything we love to see ourselves as. That is why they are so popularly favored by many.

Application of Colloids

Applications of Colloids Colloids play a genuinely important role in genius, in our daily disembodied spirit and in industry. Some of the important acts of colloids ar discussed below. 1. Food stuffs and medicinesMany of our food stuffs ar colloidal in nature. Milk, butter, whipped cream, fruit jellies, ice cream, bread and so on ar all colloidal in nature. For example, milk is an p furiousographic photographic emulsion of butter fat in urine, stabilized by milk protein (casein). fruitcake cream is a public exposure of colloidal ice p obligates in cream. Similarly, bread lives of give vent dispersed in baked dough.Colloidal medicines argon more(prenominal) effective and atomic number 18 well cloaked by the body system. Therefore a large be of pharmaceutical preparations ar emulsions. Halibut-liver oil, cod-liver oil, skin ointments etc. are emulsions. Antibiotics much(prenominal)(prenominal) as penicillin, streptomycin etc. are unremarkably injected in the body i n colloidal form. Several coat sols are also used as medicines. 2. Purification of waterIn water works, water is usually purified by the addition of certain electrolytes such as potash alum, aluminum sulphate etc. This involves the phenomenon of coagulation.The impure water usually contains dispersed colloidal particles which spatenot be removed by filtration. When potash alum is added to impure water, the negatively filed colloidal particles of impurities find protrude coagulated by the action of Al3+ions furnished by the alum and can be removed by filtration or decantation. 3. Sewage disposalSewage water contains particles of dirt, mud etc. which are colloidal in nature and carry some electrical charge. These particles may be removed by using the phenomenon of electrophoresis.The sewage water is kick the bucketed through a tunnel fitted with metallic electrodes and maintained at a postgraduate electric potential difference. The colloidal particles bear witness in the sew age water migrate to the oppositely supercharged electrodes and get coagulated. This solves the worry of sewage disposal. More all over, the rubbish matter obtained on account of the coagulation of colloidal dirt particles may be used as manure. 4. can presumptionSmoke is colloidal system and consists of electrically charged colloidal particles of carbon dispersed in air. As mickle is a big source of pollution.It is always enviable to precipitate it, i. e. , to remove colloidal carbon particles present in it. The remotion of colloidal carbon particles from smoke can be effected by using the phenomenon of electrophoresis. This is achieved in an apparatus called Cottrell precipitator as shown in figure. Smoke is allowed to pass through a chamber having a number of metal plates attached to a metal wire connected to a source of high-pitched potential (20,000 to 70,000V). The electrically charged colloidal particles of carbon and dust get discharged when come in contact with the oppositely charged plates and ruination grim to the bottom.The clean hot air leaves the precipitator from an exit near the top. 5. Artificial rainClouds are colloidal systems and consist of water vapour mixed with dust particles. The water molecules present in a cloud develop some electrical charge. Therefore, clouds can be made to rain by neutralizing the charge present on colloidal particles (water molecules). This type of rain is called artificial rain and may be carried out by spraying oppositely charged colloidal dust or smoothen particles over a cloud. This neutralizes the charge on water molecules and compels them to get coagulated, i. . to rain. 6. Rubber industryLatex obtained from rubber trees is an emulsion consisting of a dispersion of negatively charged rubber particles in water. In order to obtain rubber from latex, the last mentioned is boiled when rubber particles get coagulated. The coagulated mass is vulcanized and sold as natural rubber. Rubber-plated article s can be prepared directly from latex by electrically depositing the negatively charged rubber particles over the article to be rubber-plated by making the article an anode in the rubber-plating bath. 7.Leather whippingDuring the tanning of leather, the positively charged colloidal particles of raw skin and hides are coagulated by the negatively charged tanning materials which involve tannin and compounds of aluminium and chromium. On soaking hides in the resultants of tanning materials, the coagulation of negatively charged tanning materials takes place in the pores of hides and the latter get hardened. 8. Cleansing action of soapsSoaps solution is colloidal in nature and removes dirt and oil from clothes by forming water soluble emulsion as explained earlier. . Smoke essayIn chemical warfare, smoke screens are generally used to hide the movement of troops. Smoke screens are the colloidal dispersions of very fine particles of titanium oxide in air. 10. Formation of deltaWhen a r iver falls into the sea, extensive deposits of sand and clay are formed at the mouth of the river in the sea. Such deposits are called delta. The river water contains colloidal particles of sand and clay which carry negative charge. The sea water contains a number of positive ions such as Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+ion etc.When the river water comes in contact with sea water, the negative charge present on colloidal sand and clay particles get neutralized by the positively charged ions (present in sea water) and they get coagulated. The coagulated sand and clay particles fall down and take the shape of delta in receivable course of time. 11. puritanical color of the skyThe sky is the empty space around earth and as such has no colour. It appears blue due to the scattering of light by the colloidal dust particles present in air (Tyndall effect). 12. Preparation of Nano-materialsNano-materials which are used as catalyst are prepared by using reverse micelles. 3. Building roadsNow a day, road s are built mineral pitch emulsified in water. This technique does not require the necessity of melting the asphalt. 14. Metallurgical operationsSeveral metal ores are concentrated by froth floatation process. This process involves the treatment of the pulverized ore in emulsion of pine oil. What are the Applications of Colloids? Colloids play a very significant role in nature and in our daily life. Some of the important applications of colloids are discussed below 1) Medicines Medicines in colloidal form are easily adsorbed by the body tissues and hence are more effective. ) Sewage disposal Colloidal particles of the dirt, mud etc. carry electric charge, hence when sewage water is passed through the plates kept at a high potential, the colloidal particles are coagulated due to electrophoresis and the suspended matter gets removed. 3) Purification of water The precipitation of colloidal impurities present in water can be done by adding certain electrolytes give care alum etc. the n egatively charged colloidal particles of impurities get neutralized by the Al3+ ions and settle down and pure water can be decanted off. 4) Cleansing action of soap Soap solution is colloidal in nature.It removes the dirt particles either by adsorption or by emulsifying the greasy matter adhesive to the cloth. 5) Formation of Delta River water contains charged colloidal particles of clay, sand and many other materials. Sea water is very big store house of a variety of electrolytes dissolved in it. As soon as river water comes in contact with sea water coagulate the suspended colloidal particles which ultimately settle down at the point of contact. Thus the level of the river bed rises. As a result, water adopts a different course and delta is formed in due course of time. ) Smoke precipitation Smoke particles are actually electrically charged colloidal particles of carbon in the air. Precipitation of smoke particles is carried out by Cottrell precipitator which is based on the princ iple of electrophoresis. Smoke is allowed to pass through a chamber having a number of metal plates attached to a metal wire connected to a source of high potential. Charged particles of smoke get attracted by oppositely charge electrode get precipitated after losing their charge and the hot air passes out through the chimney.The dust particles are also removed in this process. Thus the iniquity of smoke in big industrial cities can be avoided. 7) Photography A colloidal solution of silver bromide in gelatin is applied on glass plates or celluloid films or paper to from sensitive plates in photography. 8 ) Artificial rain Artificial rain can be caused by spraying oppositely charged colloidal dust or sand particles over a cloud. The colloidal water particles present in the cloud will be neutralized and coagulate to from big water drops causing artificial rain. 9) Rubber industryLatex is a colloidal solution of negatively charged rubber particles. From latex, rubber can be obtained by coagulation. Rubber plated articles are prepared by depositing negatively charged rubber particles over the article to be rubber plated by making that article an anode in a rubber plating bath. 10) Smoke screen In warfare smoke screens are used which are nothing but colloidal dispersion of certain substances in the air. 11) Other applications a) Blue color of the sky is due to the scattering of light by colloidal dust particles in air (Tyndall effect).Similarly, sea water looks blue due to scattering of light by the colloidal impurities present in sea water. b) Tail of comets is seen as a Tyndall cone due to the scattering of light by the tiny solid particles left by the comet in its path. c) Blood is a colloidal solution and the stoppage of exhaust on applying ferric chloride solution is due to coagulation of ancestry forming a clot. Colloids-Chemistry and Applications What are Colloids ? In a true solution as sugar or salt in water, the solute particles are dispersed in the solvent as single molecules or ions.Thus the diameter of the dispersed particles ranges from 1A to 10 A. On the other hand, in a suspension as sand stirred into water, the dispersed particles are aggregates of millions of molecules. The diameter of these particles is of the order 2,000 A or more. Applications of Colloids Colloids play an important role in our daily life and industry. A knowledge of colloid alchemy is essential to understand some of the various natural phenomena around us. Colloids make up some of our modern products. A few of the important applications of colloids are listed below. (1) FoodsMany of our foods are colloidal in nature.Milk is an emulsion of butterfat in water protected by a protein, casein. Salad dressing, gelatin deserts, fruit jellies and whipped cream are other examples. Ice cream is a dispersion of ice in cream. Bread is a dispersion of air in baked dough. (2) Medicines Colloidal medicines being finely divided, are more effective and are easily a bsorbed in our system. Halibut-liver oil and cod-liver that we take are, in fact, the emulsions of the respective oils in water. Many ointments for application to skin consist of physiologically active components dissolved in oil and made into an emulsion with water.Antibiotics such as penicillin and streptomycin are produced in colloidal form suitable for injections. (3) Non-drip or thixotropic paints All paints are colloidal dispersions of solid pigments in a liquid medium. The modern nondrip or thixotropic paints also contain long-chain polymers. At rest, the chains of molecules are coil and entrap much dispersion medium. Thus the paint is a semisolid gel structure. When shearing deform is applied with a paint drag, the coiled molecules straighten and the entrapped medium is released. As soon as the brush is removed, the liquid paint reverts to the semisolid form.This renders the paint non-drip. (4) Electrical precipitation of smoke The smoke coming from industrial plants is a colloidal dispersion of solid particles (carbon, arsenic compounds, cement dust) in air. It is a nuisance and pollutes the atmosphere. Therefore, onwards allowing the smoke to escape into air, it is treated by Cottrell Precipitator. The smoke is let past a series of sagacious points charged to a high potential (20,000 to 70,000 V). The points discharge high velocity electrons that ionise molecules in air. Smoke particles adsorb these positive ions and become charged.The charged particles are attracted to the oppositely charged electrodes and get precipitated. The gases that leave the Cottrell precipitator are thus freed from smoke. In addition, valuable materials may be vulcanised from the precipitated smoke. For example, arsenic oxide is mainly recovered from the smelter smoke by this method. (5) Clarification of Municipal water The municipal water obtained from natural sources a lot contains colloidal particles. The process of coagulation is used to remove these. The sol part icles carry a negative charge.When aluminium sulphate (alum) is added to water, a gelatinous precipitate of hydrated aluminium hydroxide (floc) is formed, Al3+ + 3H2O - Al(OH)3 + 3H+ Al(OH)3 + 4H2O + H+ Al(OH)3(H2O)4 The positively charged floc attracts to it negative sol particles which are coagulated. The floc along with the suspended matter comes down, leaving the water clear. (6) Artificial Kidney elevator carThe human kidneys purify the blood by dialysis through natural membranes. The toxic drive outproducts such as urea and uric acid pass through the membranes, while colloidal-sized particles ofblood proteins (haemoglobin) are retained.Kidney failure, therefore, leads to death due to accumulationof poisonous waste products in blood . Now-a-days, the patients blood can be cleansed by shuntingit into an artificial kidney machine. Here the impure blood is made to pass through a series ofcellophane tubes surrounded by a washing solution in water. The toxic waste chemicals (urea , uricacid) diffuse across the tube walls into the washing solution. The purified blood is returned to thepatient. The use of artificial kidney machine saves the life of thousands of persons each year.The phenomenon of the scattering of light by the sol particles is called Tyndall effect. (7) Blue colour of the skyThis is an application of Tyndall effect. The upper atmosphere contains colloidal dust or iceparticles dispersed in air. As the sunlight rays enter the atmosphere these strike the colloidalparticles. The particles absorb sunlight and scatter light of blue colour (46005100A). The light thatis incident at earths surface is considerably reddened due to the removal of most of the blue light inthe upper atmosphere.

Compare Bronfenbrenner and Erikson Essay

liveliness Develop ments Theories offer explanations of how the single(a) changes and develops finishedout their lifetime. While this objective is constant, the focus of these theories vary. Eriksons Psycho social learning Theory adopts an intra someoneal focus, outlining club get along re latishd stratums of the life cycle while Bronfenbrenners Ecological St progress Theory focuses on five socio-cultural stages in spite of appearance which the individual moves, inter individual alto presshery, over time. This essay will focus on both these theories, their implications in the world of adult upbringing, particularly from the perspective of experience within two South Kerry self-aggrandising raising Centres and finally the atomic number 18as where these theories may concur and tell. Erik Erikson was a Neo-Freudian Psychologist who developed a lifespan theory identifying eight stages of psychosocial gentleman growing.As Erikson and his wife, Joan, entered their ordina l decade, they discovered a one-ninth stage. Joan Erikson completed exertion on this stage from notes do by her husband before he died and from her own observations. In fact, Erik and Joan Erikson were co-collaborators without their years together as evidenced in the following statement, To restate the sequence of psychosocial stages throughout life means to take certificate of indebtedness for the terms Joan Erikson and I have originally attached to them(Erikson E.H. cited Erikson E.H. & Erikson J. 1997,p.55). likewise, while recounting a trip to Los Angeles where Erik Erikson had been invited to inaugurate the stages to a group of Psychologists and Psychiatrists, Joan Erikson tells of her uneasiness while they discussed the presentation. At this stage, there were seven stages in their model. In a shocking moment of clarity I saw what was wrong (Erikson E.H & Erikson J. 1997 p.3). She had spotted that We were missing and subsequently, they added an eighth stage entitled Gener ativity vs. Stagnation.This hearty contribution was made by Joan Erikson on the trip to the train stead where Erik could catch the Los Angeles train, and then for me to hurry back to home and the children (Erikson E.H.& Erikson J. 1997, p.2). Eriksons Psychosocial Theory prepares that personality develops through ball club stages across the entire lifespan. Personality tush be said to develop according to steps regulate in the mankind organisms readiness to be driven forward, to be aware of and to interact with a widening social wheel spoke (Erikson 1959 cited Tennant M. 1997 p.33). Each of these stages involves disputes and conflicts which, if successfully resolved, allow theindividual to develop a strength, or virtue which they bring with them into the following stage. If unsuccessfully resolved, the individual proceeds into the next stage not only without this strength but with a corresponding forbid section which is likely to impede their forward-looking development. Erikson refers to these strengths as syntonic elements and the negative elements as dystonic elements. For example, at infancy the first stage, age 0-1 years, the conflict or challenge experienced by the individual is trust vs. mistrust.The syntonic element that might result is hope, the dystonic element is withdrawal. Erikson explains vs. as standing for versus and yet also, in the light of their complementarity, for something like visa versa. (Erikson E.H. & Erikson J. 1997, p.55). Erikson does not hold that that an individuals resolved state should lay at the end of the continuum. The child also require to develop some healthy mistrust, such(prenominal) as learning to discriminate between dangerous and unhurt situations (Bee & Boyd 2003, p.258). It is only in experiencing and understanding these opposites such as trust and mistrust that we can develop the applicable strength. At individually of these age related stages, the individual is in communication and conflict with a significant psychosocial relationship. Again, for example, at the first stage, Erikson states that this relationship is with the mother. Others are seen in the following chartEriksons psychosocial crisis stages(syntonic v dystonic)Freudian psycho- sexual stageslife stage / relationships / issuesbasic virtue and second named strength (potential absolute outcomes from each crisis) maladaptation / malignancy(potential negative outcome one or the other from unhelpful experience during each crisis) 1. Trust v qualmOralinfant / mother / feeding and being comforted, teething, sleeping Hope and DriveSensory aberrancy / Withdrawal2. Autonomy v Shame & DoubtAnaltoddler / parents / bodily functions, toilet training, sizeable control, walking Willpower and Self-ControlImpulsivity / Compulsion3. Initiative v GuiltPhallicpreschool / family / exploration and discovery, bet on and play Purpose and DirectionRuthlessness / Inhibition4. Industry v InferiorityLatencyschool-age child / school, teachers, friends, neighbourhood /achievement and accomplishment Competence and MethodNarrow Virtuosity / Inertia5. Identity v federal agency ConfusionPuberty and Genitalityadolescent / peers, groups, influences / resolving identity operator and channeliseion, becoming a grown-up Fidelity and Devotion warmth / Repudiation6. Intimacy v Isolation(Genitality)young adult / lovers, friends, work connections / intimate relationships, work and social life Love and AffiliationPromiscuity / Exclusivity7. Generativity v Stagnationn/amid-adult / children, community / expectant back, helping, contributing Care and ProductionOverextension / Rejectivity8. Integrity v Despairn/alate adult / society, the world, life / meaning and purpose, life achievements Wisdom and RenunciationPresumption / Disdainhttp//www. dividing lineballs.com/erik_erikson_psychosocial_theory.htm Joan Erikson, reviewing their lifecycle theory (while adding the ninth stage),notes that the syntonic element is always mention ed first, before the dystonic. Stating that it should be noted that a great deal circumstances may place the dystonic in a much dominant position (Erikson E.H. & Erikson J. 1997 p. 106). She continues that old age is such a circumstance. For this reason, in her account of the ninth stage she places the dystonic first i.e. Despair and Disgust vs. Integrity Wisdom (Erikson E.H. & Erikson J. 1997, p.106) and recounts a revisiting of all the stages, this time with different virtues emerging (see chart below), ideally culminating in a state of gerotranscendence. Lars Tornstam defines gerotranscendence as a shift in perspective from a materialistic and rational vision to a much cosmic and transcendence one, normally followed by an increase in life satisfaction (Tornstam cited Erikson E.H. & Erikson J. 1997, p.123).www.intropsych.comEriksons theory highlights the ask to provide age appropriate activities for the students. Also, within the demesne of Youthreach and VTOS broadcasts, par ticular attention might be effrontery to stimulating identity exploration in adolescents. For example, within the Fetac Personal and Interpersonal Skills Module, helping the student explore their strengths, aptitudes, learning styles, personality types and through communication with outside agencies, encourage career exploration. Early school leavers, as is evident in one South Kerry Youthreach programme, often have experienced social and educational going and as such are vulnerable to unemployment, depression and the growing number of suicides are always a concern. Very often, a single parent is the sole guardian and this parent is female, as are the bulk of teachers and social workers. Positive office models, with whom the young person can identify, have been shown to help in promoting health care in young tidy sum. Local role models and peers can also play an important role in agilely promoting projects, and have the capacity to allay fears or embarrassment that some young men might feel about getting involved (Ric unverbalisedson N, Clarke N. & Fowler C. 2013, p.111).Education centres can organise support from such positive role models. Regarding Eriksons stage of Young Adulthood, Education Centres provide a social scene where slew can meet, communicate and escape the isolation thatoften results from unemployment. Adult education provides an opportunity for a kind of self- generation concerned with further identity development. (Erikson 1998 p.67) Apparent to those involved in this field is the manifestation of care and respect that the adult has for their impertinently learning, a virtue sadly missing from the unwilling schoolchild of their yesteryears. As retirement age is forced forward and healthcare education promises longer active lives, there is no reason why adult education should not be available to people into their nineties. What better way to synthesise integrity and despair than using ones wisdom, sharing with others while learning n ew things. Despair expresses the feeling that time is now short, too short for the attempt to start another life and try out understudy roads(Erikson 1963 cited Erikson E.H.& Erikson J.M. 1997 p.113) Adult education might just offer an alternate road. Tutors might also integrate older people in the community to come in to the centres to contribute their knowledge.Bronfenbrenners Ecological Systems Theory is the scientific study of the development of the individual person as they experience the bi-directional influences encountered within the various surrounds throughout their lifespan. Intelligence and emotion have been named as mediators for this development and identity and competence has been described as the outcomes. (Garbarino and Abramowitz, 1992 cited Graham A. 2013, p.32). Two types of risks to positive change are identified. These are direct threats and the absence of opportunities. (Garbarino and Abramowitz, 1992 cited Graham A. 2013, p.32). These risks can be biological or socio-cultural.There is interplay between these two sources and deficits in one source may be compensated by richness in the other. Bronfenbrenner categorised the environment as a nested arrangement of structures, each contained within the next. (Bronfenbrenner 1977, p.514 ). Adapting terminology from Brim (1975) Bronfenbrenner names these structures as microsystems, mesosystems, exosystems, macrosystems and chronosystems. Bronfenbrenners Ecological Theory of Development(http//highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/dl/free/0073378585/660384/san78585_c03_072_11)A Microsystem is the complex of relations between the ontogeny person and environment in an immediate setting containing that person (Bronfenbrenner 1977, p.514). This includes family, friends, neighbours, school and work. The individuals development is reached by the tactual sensations, attitudes, temperament and personality of the various people within these settings, but the individual, according to Bronfenbrenner, is not a p assive recipient but is someone who helps construct the settings. (Bronfenbrenner 1977 cited Graham A. 22013, p. 33). The mesosystem comprises the interrelations among major settings containing the developing person at a particular point in his or her life. (Bronfennbrenner U.1977,p.515).The better interconnected the microsystems, the more consistent the individuals development is likely to be. The exosystem is an influence system which contain both buckram and informal structures which impinge on or encompass the settings in which the developing person in ensnare (Sugarman L.1993, p.11). The exosystem is an extension of the mesosystems. This refers to a collection of settings in which the individual does not directly interact but which affect him or her nonetheless. This would include the government, medical system, labour market, mass media and the neighbourhood. Macrosystems, the fourth of Bronfenbrenners layers of influence, involves the culture within which the individual li ves carried often unwittingly in the minds of the societys members as ideology made manifest through customs and practice in everyday life (Bronfenbrenner U. 1977 p.515).The influence of these customs and beliefs cascade go through through all the other systems. The Chronosystem was later added by Bronfenbrenner and is described as a research model that makes potential examining the influence on the persons development of changes (and continuities) over time in the environments in which the person is living (Bronfenbrenner U. 1986a p.724). These changes are sociohistorical and are considered as occurring within the individual and also within the environment. Changes can be normative (school, new relationships, getting a job, giving birth) or non-normative (divorce, illness, death).In the further education setting, Bronfenbrenners theory is useful inimplying the benefits of helping offset risks that may apply to the student, such un-nurturing home environment, low-down interpersona l relationships, violence and the absence of opportunities experienced such as lack of education to date, limited skills, shortsighted job opportunities and lack of self- awareness. Creating experiences where the students can develop intellectually and emotionally through the academic programme as well as teamwork, outings, reflective practice and empathy building. Bronfenbrenner stresses the value of the interconnectedness of the microsystems. Within a South Kerry Youthreach programme there is typically very poor connectedness between the education centre, the families and the communities. Open days often have few or no parents attending with mayhap just a few professionals such as guards, social workers and other education officers turning up to appreciate the work on display. Also anecdotal evidence shows very poor awareness of the programme in the community.This centre is working hard at increasing community awareness and mutual rapport by involving students in local generosit y events, community art exhibitions and development of a work experience programme. Many second chance education students are angry and aware that they have in some way been failed by structures such as government, medical system, labour market, media and the neighbourhood. Awareness of the systems can be poor and many another(prenominal) adult students lack the authority and basic literacy skills to investigate and negotiate these systems. The dialogue man is critical and knows that although it is within the power of men to have and transform in a concrete situation of alienation men may be stricken in the use of that power (Friere P. 1975 p.63). Modules such as Communications, SPHE, Personal Effectiveness and Personal and Interpersonal Skills should perhaps be regarded as a means of increasing this sense of efficacy and knowledge of the exosystem. Also inviting people who hold power within these systems to come in to centres to talk to the students may help break down barriers and increase awareness.Cultural influences affect how we think, feel and act. In one South Kerry Youthreach centre unconscious belief systems are apparent in casual racist comments and career aspirations (childcare and hairdressing for girls, construction and mechanics for boys) or in some cases, no aspirations of employment at all in keeping with family history. A more privileged young person might perceive good group participation as a positive aspiration.However, in one South Kerry Youthreach programme it is reported that during initial interviews, prospective students, when asked how they might get on in a group situation tend to perceive this question as are you a trouble-maker? and answer that they intend to ignore everyone in the group and just mind their own business believing this to be the correct answer. The work of educators here might entail helping to compel positive group experience and also help to open doors that might enrich the individuals life, create an atmosp here of curiosity and questioning of beliefs, values and culture and introduce positive and varied role models. Overtime, many changes effect the development of the individual.This time factor may be within a lifetime, or spanning decades. practically it is a non-normative change such as marital breakdown, redundancy or recovery from illness that forces a re-evaluation and brings a person back to education. Helping the individual cope with change by creating opportunities for new identities and competencies is the work required here.Erikson and Bronfenbrenner, both psychologists, have examined the development of the individual over their lifespan. Although Erickson organises his theory in terms of age related stages, and Bronfenbrenner in systems, neither theorist attempts to explain change and development in terms of age only. All life stage theorists look at the processes that bring about these changes and as Sugarman points out What we can say about change is determined by our r esearch design that is, what we choose to measure, how and why. (Sugarman L. 1986, p.13). Eriksons research design studies intrapersonal changes in the individual and explains that these changes occur within particular chronological age groupings, within particular social settings as a result of the resolution of tensions experienced. However, Bronfenbrenner on the other hand takes a wider socio-cultural view and has researched the changes occurring in the individual within the many settings, within the many systems in which the individual interacts. He categorised the environment as as consisting of interrelated and nested structures (Jordan A., Carlisle O., & Stack A, 2008, p.82). Unlike Erikson, Bonfenbrenner has been criticised for paying too teeny attention to biological and cognitive factors although he expanded his theory to a bioecological theory later on. Erikson represents the individualsdevelopment as ordered and linear whereas Bronfenbrenners perspective is one of rand om and multidirectional development. It would, however, be unfair to suggest that Erikson did not take account of the various social and cultural influences that Bronfenbrenner focused on, thereof his Psychosocial Theory . Joan Erikson states that her husband always held that the individual and society are intricately woven (Erikson E.H. & Erikson J, 1997, p.114).He attributes psychosocial manifestations to each of his stages and also describes the processes and experiences of the soma, the psyche and the ethos. (Erikson E.H. & Erikson J, 1997, p.25). However, he has not explicated this aspect of his theory as fully as he did the stages of individual development. (Sugarman L. 1986 p.84). Erikson defines these social influences quite precisely as the individuals radius of significant relations whereas Bronfenbrenners theory allows for a more individually tailored, contextual approach. Both Erikson and Bronfenbrenner were active into their eightieth decade and remained engaged in cri tical reflection of their work. Erikson worked on the blueprint for his ninth stage and in 1994, Uri Bronfenbrenner renamed his theory bioecological systems theory to emphasize that a childs own biology is a primordial environment fuelling her development(http//www.cmskids.com/providers/early_steps/training/documents/bronfenbrenners_ecological.pdf.) While Eriksons writing is artistic and literary, Bronfenbrenners is scientific and at times political. Bronfenbrenner advocated experimentation in a real setting as opposed to the traditional research laboratory approach, although he did not dispense with the latter as being of use and alludes to the as yet fallow power of the laboratory as an ecological contrast. (Bronfenbrenner 1977, p.514) At the centre of both these theories is the individual. These are not opposing theories but two perspectives in search of a similar understanding. Bronfenbrenner himself make this clear A variety of approaches are needed if we are to make progress toward the ultimate goal of understanding human development in context (Bronfenbrenner 1977 p.529).BibliographyBee H., & Boyd D. ( 2003). The Developing Child, 10th ed. Boston Allyn &Bacon. Bronfenbrenner U. (1977). Toward an Experimental Ecology of Human Development Electronic version. American Psychologist, 32, 513-531. Bronfenbrenner U. (1986). Ecology of the Family as a Context for Human Development Research Perspectives Electronic version. developmental Psychology, 22, 723-742. Erikson E.H. (1950). Childhood and Society. Middlesex Penguin Books Ltd. Erikson E.H., & Erikson J.M. (1997). The Life Cycle Completed, extended version. New York W.W. Norton and Company, Inc. Friere P. (1975). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Middlesex Penguin Books Ltd. Graham A. (2012). Psychology of Adult Learning, WIT, twenty-sixth March, 2012, Tralee Jordan A., Carlile O., & Stack A. (2008). Approaches to Learning a Guide for Teachers. Berkshire Open University Press. Richardson N., Clarke N., & Fowler C. (2013). A Report on the All-Ireland Young men and Suicide Project. Ireland Mens Health Forum in Ireland. Sugarman L. (1986). Life-Span Development Concepts, Theories and Interventions. London Routledge. Tennant M. (1997). Psychology & Adult Learning. London Routledge.Module Psychology of Adult Learning Level 6TitleCompare and contrast Eriksons eight stages of psychosocial development with Bronfenbrenners Ecological model of Development

The Body Is a Temple

The embody is a temple, a saying in the bible that close to slam even if they have never read the bible. It is a state manpowert that intimately have taken into report card though and lived by religiously no pun intended. During interviews, an average, or generalized ideal body could be found within what each candidate had to say ab out(p) themselves and others. This ideal body was identified to be a fit body, simply the definitions of fit were somewhat construed. Most population interviewed truism their body as fit, plainly takeed to a greater extent change to their body.Others were content with their bodies they knew they could change for better, just the change was some subject that was non alpha because they were set with the bodies they had. What is or so important is the accompaniment that the definition of fit can be interchangeable and for opposite reasons. One definition was recognized as the disciplined lifestyle of becoming toned and exercised within a midd le school or some other environment this body grammatical case was more than enhanced tone and more appealing to the majority of society.The other definition described a body that could get through and through a day without being uncomfortable and could handle most physical activity, but this body type was of those that did non go to the gym every day and did non exercise often. What could be concluded was the fact that both bug outies that represented each definition wanted change to their body regardless of how they assisted. Over the travel few weeks, observations were made of how people carried their bodies around on a daily basis.Women sham their makeup, flashy clothes, and have the appearance _or_ semblance to put how their bodies look on a pedestal. What this means is that the ideal body type for them is roughly unobtainable. custody on the other hand though did not c be as much about their satellite appearance, but more on what their body shape looked standardi zed. One interviewee for example, whose name is William, had a toned body, but still did not c exclusively himself as looking favorable adequate. Majority of people would agree in saying that his body type was ideal and that he was good looking enough, but to him, he saw that he admited more change. I like my body, but I do not like it enough, I need more muscle in wander to be satisfied in how I look, these were the words of William they reflect a self-conscious side to his personality. Since he does not rede what others see, he wishes to keep growing through his workouts until he has reached a peak where he can be happy. His crush did not reflect this self-conscious side though he tries to dress nicely, but does not sound judgement what he wears everyday. In other words, he does not always dress to mpress, but rather wishes to regard with his body shape and physique. Other men interviewed, also agreed that the physique was the most important part to their overall(a) image . Benjamin said, I have always been a small guy and this has bugged me, I have always wondered if I was good enough for girls because I was not as ripped or as big as other guys out there. Benjamin seems to be a confident guy, but this be worry did bother him enough to start working out every single day at the Recreational Center.His fashion consisted of jeans everyday and a sweatshirt he has gauges in his ears and does not go clean-shaven most times. This observation seems to solidify that men do not c ar about their outer appearance, but more what is underneath. The Recreational Center seems to be a hot spot for men to be found because they want to tone their bodies over anything else in order to purport desirable. Fashion, makeup, and the outer facade that women put on seems to be the priority of a womans conscience, if these components are not pristine, then it seemed as if most women were not satisfied.The women interviewed unanimously agreed without hearing others opinions that fashion was important to their success in feeling comfortable with themselves, but because their bodies would never fit the bill. Even if they had a good body type, there was still something that was not good enough about them, but the opposite gender would disagree. This is why fashion for women is key the makeup they wear and their finished outfits cover up the blemishes they feel they have underneath the outer-layers. When it comes to girls and how they dress on campus you can see a stereotypical set of fashion appear per season.When it comes to fall time, Yoga pants are a must. During interviews, most women asked said they wore Yoga pants because they were comfy, but it can be inferred that it also is because it outlines the womans body more and women want to show off when they can. Fall fashion also consists of various articles of clothing, but this seems to be the most worn article. Women want to attract men in whatever ways they can, and since the body is the first thi ng that is judged, the most bodacious of clothing is worn. Such was also seen on Halloween night, scandalous costumes were worn to make seen what types of bodies girls had.Even if girls were not in shape they still tried to look as naughty as possible. This was conf exploitation because it truly scuffed the respect that women should receive for their hard work to achieve such fit bodies because they were lowering themselves to such a desperate level to impress the guys around campus. Seeing this behavior strikes up the point that women do feel that their bodies are important, but it seems random amongst women. Some like their bodies, but majority feel they have not achieved the perfect body when in fact they have.Discipline is seen in the women because of all the effort that is put into their outer appearance, their bodies are important, but compared to men it is not what matters most to them. I spend almost an hour to two hours sometimes to prepare my makeup and hair before I go to class or go out on the weekends. Words from Lex which were surprising to hear because it does not take much time at all for a man to get ready for the day. She also said, My body is never good enough, I need to lose a lot of weight before I can feel good-looking enough for guys out there. This was also surprising to hear because Lex is a good-looking woman and does not look fallacious at all. After hearing what each woman had to say it was obvious that being perfect was something they all strived for, but felt like they could never achieve it. There are too many perfect people in the world that they look up to and it demeans their success when they really are perfect in many ways. Idolization is more than likely a major cause for people getting their bodies to look the way they do. Celebrities, models, gym junkies, and more all create an image that for some is impossible to reach.But one assemblage that does not need these sorts of images is the people of the Nacirema. A bizar re bunch of men and females, but what they lack is what makes them follow their own sort of perfect or ideal body. The Nacirema go through tortuous processes in order to achieve what they think is the ideal body. This society believes that the body is ugly and its natural tendency is to debility and declination (Horace Miner). Achieving an ideal body all starts with the shrines and charms they use for different parts of their body.Shrine walls are built within the houses and many charms and potions are kept in these shrines (Horace Miner). There are an abundance of charms and what can be inferred is that keeping these charms helps to promise that they are still serving their purpose even after they are used up. The practice of using these charms is only a minor step in ridding the body of impurities a temple where medicine men take members of society is the final step to purification. Bodies are put to the test as grueling activities such as drilling out teeth take place and are filled with random assortments of herbs that purportedly prevent decay.People that enter the temple may not come out because death is certainly possible. to each one persons body is pushed to the original, but it is only to prove that they collar the power to be perfect. Something this extreme is not needed in societies around the world, but for the Nacirema people it is necessity. They supersede other cultures because they do not idolize a certain body type and after the rituals have been performed, they know inside that they are worthy of the body they have and to be a part of the people in their society.If cultures such as the one seen at Washington State University could appreciate this sort of lifestyle and not hold celebrities and models at such a high status, then the world would see many more confident people with bodies that they would be proud of. It is part of life to try and obtain a body that majority sees as fit, but seeing how everyone interviewed needed something different to happen with their body in order to feel confident, it is almost as if this sort of peace of mind will never occur.Life today is filled with people battling agency issues. The image of an ideal body is not obtainable because people do not want to see the beauty they behold already. Women wear a mask to cover what they think is ugly, and men hit the gym more than they need to just to achieve a rock hard body that is unnecessary. If more were to hold the values of the Nacirema on a lessened level and boost their self esteem through different acts, then society today could see a much different and possibly brighter mentality that would be shared amongst many.Fashion is an amazing thing and can be appreciated for its many artsy and beautiful additions to how the body looks, but when it becomes only a tool to cover up the inner beauty of the body because of false self-accusations, it cannot be looked at as something spectacular. The body is a temple, how one adorns it, trea ts it, and appreciates it, is completely up to the person that lives within the body but when others influence how ones temple is treated and decorated, that temple can be considered desecrated. either persons body should be respected and loved for what it is because only the thoughts that one creates are important.

Going Back to School Essay

reverting to schooldays was something I alway intended to do in my life. I knew there would be some obstacles and hurdling i would have to overcome to make my dream come true. Here are some obstacles I had to overcome in my past with previous school experinces I have had to return stand to school. When I was younger, I remember my mom waking my older br other up and sending him off to school. I would get so mad, because I wanted to go.Than finally my day came, I got up and off to school I went. Elementary school was the great. I loved playing with the other kids. Kindergarten through fifth nock made me feel alike school was a game. Yeah, we learned our basic studies, only when we had delight doing it. Than came prison term for moving on up to middle school. My first couple of weeks were okay, but the work started getting harder, the other kids werent very nice and we didnt have much free time. I didnt like it, but it was something I got used too and I stuck it out(a). Final ly, my ninth year came, I was a starter motor in high school.I hated it, I was always getting pushed around and made fun of because my family didnt have much money. I didnt have name brand shoes or clothes. Everybody kept telling me I needed an eduacation to get anywhere in this world. Well I tried, finally when I was seventeen, only six months before graduation, I got so fed up, I dropped out. Once I turned eighteen, I realized it was time to make a life of my own. My family shouldnt have to reliever me. So I went out and found me a job. I was so proud of this job. I was doing good, or so I thought. After a few years of working for this company, I figured out I was already at the top of the ladder, I couldnt go up anymore.I had to soften my life. I needed a higher education. I got it in my head and went and got my GED. Than once again my development process stopped right there. Out of the blue one day, my mom calls and tells me about these online college courses. She knew I did nt I didnt want to go sit in a classroom. This struck some amuse in me. It took me a few days, but I called and got enrolled.When I started my first class, I was a dapple nervous, it took sometime to get back into the swing of things. Im still somewhat nervous but it gets better with each class. Going back to school was the hardest decision I have ever had to make. Well, it took the longstanding time anyway. I am so glad I decided to go back. Being back at school makes me feel so much better about myself. This is one thing I wont quit again.

Reflection 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

expression 3 - Essay Example2.My top three scores ar Ambassador, Truth-seeker and Creative Builder which are all 21 points out of 25. This means that most of my strengths are on being diplomatic and allowing tidy sum to settle things before they get worst and on allowing them to realize their potentials. It is also important for me to be fair(a) and for people to be the same on the basis of justice. It is also helpful that I find ways to solve things and look for new things and to improve them. This is basically what could be my leaders legacy. These are not dingy qualities which I hope to improve by building more relationships and analytical process of solving things.3.Daniel leadership ardour is effective in accordance to the Path-Goal Theory because he incorporates the connection of the demands that the task will demand in relation to the kind of employees that he has. A good example of this is how he has categorized the types of extend into two, namely, duplicating and p ublishing. Those who he assigned to duplicate documents do not require much skill and this is where the part-time students would be more effective since their main focus is on their respective courses. Those who are written reporting under background publishing are more skilled than the other workers because their job requires time and more tedious work including creativity.Daniel as a leader is able to motivate the employees because they know that they are working under psyche who has a concern for them. He is able to coach them when they need help, like in a computer software problem, guide them in the completion of their jobs and direct them when the same is necessary. Knowing that they can talk to their boss motivates the employees.Daniels work in The Copy Center makes him mindful of the character of the task and the capabilities of the subordinates makes for an effective leadership style that he

The Relationship between Culture and Technology Research Paper

The family relationship between Culture and Technology - Research Paper ExampleThe topic is found on the emergence and forms of old media which indicates the technological development in the old era. This will be compared with the temporary social vane technologies such as the Facebook. This will be developed with the intention to observe the technological development along the time and the pagan change relied on the technological development. Furthermore, this paper will provide the understanding of cultural changes such as what individuals daily life changes along with the technological development. This will break down the individuals lifestyle in todays world and what has changed and their relations with technologies. Thus, this current discipline will summarize the media development and the relationship between technological and cultural change. Overall, this present study is based on the relationship between old and new media technologies and their associated cultural pra ctices. According to Mesch (2009), new media shapes many ways to communicate and interact with each other. It is identified that interactivity is considered as central to new media which include letters to the editor, tuner and television talk shows, computer and technological programme and listener participation in such programs. In accordance of Pinchot, Paullet, and Rota (2010), it is identified that old media interactivity was less as radios, television and newspapers did not measure the preferences and opinions of people as communication was considered as conversation. Grossman (2008) argues that people were provided what the media idea and thought is right for them but in todays world, the interactivity degree has enhanced that does not necessarily mean. This means that every media has few interactivity components or elements which mostly do as it is examined by computers which can converse back these days.

Apple Inc.'s Ethical Success And Challenges Essay

Apple Inc.s estimable Success And Challenges - Essay ExampleThe second way in which Steve Jobs as the CEO of Apple Inc. embraced honest leadership is through encouraging debate within the organization. This in effect meant that the employees of Apple Inc. could freely fortune their ideas with each other on what they thought was good for the organization through allowing the employees to express their views and their feelings, the employees felt set and respected because of being allowed to make their input on the various issues in the organization, this in effect do the employees of Apple Inc. more loyal to the Company. Jobs leadership, therefore, helped create an ethical culture in which the employees would honestly and openly helping their ideas and their feelings with each other. The third way in which Steve Jobs as the CEO of Apple Inc. embraced ethical leadership was through creating a imagery for the Company that the employees of the Company could suppose in. Through cr eating a vision for the Company that the employees could believe in, Steve Jobs helped create a culture of shared goals and objectives among the employees of Apple Inc. through Steve Jobs leadership style of creating a vision for the Company that the employees could believe in, the employees of Apple Inc. were motivated to work harder towards realization of the goals of the Company that they believed in. Steve Jobs ethical leadership style, therefore, helped in creating a culture of hard work in Apple Inc. The first step that was taken by Apple Inc. to ensure an ethical culture within the organization was the creation of a conducive milieu for the employees through the flattened organizational structure that the Apple Inc. adopted, the Apple Company created a conducive works environment for the employees of the Company because the employees did not need to go through layers of bureaucracy to express their views and their feelings to the top centering of the Company.

A Strategic Plan to Involve School-Family-Community Partnerships via Essay

A Strategic Plan to Involve School-Family-Community Partnerships via Service Learning - audition ExampleAn example of this is when students in a math class volunteer to tutor younger students in a poor community, they are able to harness their mathematics skills and improve on it. If they impart the lessons that they pay off learned and teach it to younger kids who have no knowledge of the skill, they tend to repeat it and char motorually get the best the skill. The mastery comes from practice rather than bonnie having examinations or drills inside the classroom. Their retention rates also improve. Service-learning fosters tender growth. Students passel contribute to their community by actively participating in community stick outs. This could be illustrated when a group of students who just studied about recycling wastes to protect the environment initiate a construe in the community and collect wastes, segregate them and recycle those which are recyclable. This project wil l promote the students mixer growth beca riding habit they are able to interact with the members of the community and at the same time help consecrate their environment clean. Students are not only the ones benefitted by service-learning. Even their parents can take part in the service-learning activities to show their support for their children. It then becomes a collaborative effort between students, school administrators, parents, community leading and members. A specific activity where parents can show their support is by assisting their children collect old clothes, books or shoes among the affluent members of the neighborhood and distribute them to the underprivileged ones. These types of projects will foster community involvement. For those who participate in the activity, it gives them a sense of self-fulfillment because they know that they are sharing their time and effort to the poor members of the community. Students use their skills in real-life situations rather than just learning about them in the classroom. They become critical thinkers and may even suggest solutions regarding problems in their communities. One important advantage of incorporating service-learning into the curricula of students is that it hones the leadership skills of students. Students do not have to affirm on their teachers to take the lead in partaking in community activities they themselves can think of projects which they know can benefit the community. There are several service-learning activities that have been undertaken by students from different schools. One worthy project which may serve to supplement a middle-grade school class in biology is the setting up of vegetable gardens in vacant lots within the community near the school. Since the students learn how plants grew, they can give their hands at planting. What better way to practice what they learn but through creating their ingest vegetable gardens. In that way, they are able to put into productive use the vacant lots that are just idle. The vegetables that will be produced will then be distributed among the poor people in the neighborhood for their own consumption. Truly, in this type of activity, students become involved in the community and at the same time they get to learn their biology in a more interesting approach. From Coffee to Compost is another worthy project implemented by students in Bozeman, Montana (United States Environmental Protection Agency,